中考英语被动语态学习小结

　　英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态，我们可以从以下方面进行小结：

　　一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）

　　结构：主语 + be + 过去分词

　　时态：1. 一般现在时： am (is, are) done.

　　2.带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done

　　3. 一般过去时： was (were) done

　　* 4. 一般将来时： will (shall) be done

　　* 5. 现在进行时： am (is, are) being done

　　6. 现在完成时： have (has) been done

　　二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。

　　1.主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P)

　　此结构不可用被动语态。

　　(正) The flowers smell sweet.

　　(误) The flowers are smelt sweet.

　　2.主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V)

　　此结构不可变被动语态。

　　(正) An accident happened last night.

　　(误) An accident was happened last night.

　　3.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O)

　　(1)将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语

　　Children often sing this song

　　This song is often sung by children.

　　(2)将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。

　　We should listen to the teachers carefully.

　　The teachers should be listened to carefully.

　　4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO)

　　(1).将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。

　　He showed us a picture .

　　We were shown a picture.

　　(2).将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.

　　常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等

　　常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等

　　A picture was shown to us.

　　A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.

　　5. 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C)

　　如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to” 。

　　I saw him fall off the tree.

　　He was seen to fall off the tree.

　　6. "be + 过去分词" 并非都是被动语态，系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。 I'm interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。

　　*7. 某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The woman's clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。This book sells best.这本书很畅销.

　　被动语态专项练习1

　　

　　一、选择题

　　( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

　　A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build

　　( )2.An accident ____ on this road last week.

　　A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened

　　( )3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.

　　A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow

　　( )4.So far,the moon ____ by man already.

　　A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited

　　( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week.

　　A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives

　　( )6.How many trees ____ this year?

　　A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted

　　( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

　　A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done

　　( )8.Neither of them ______ in China.

　　A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made

　　( )9.Look! A nice picture ____ for our teacher.

　　A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws

　　( )10.Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.

　　A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn

　　( )11.The doctor _____ for yet.

　　A.isn't sent B.hasn't been sent C.won't be sent D.wasn't sent

　　( )12.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.

　　A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used

　　( )13.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

　　A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known

　　( )14.I ____ in summer.

　　A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born

　　( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week.

　　A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent

　　( )16.Who _____ this book _____?

　　A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written

　　( )17.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.

　　A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to

　　( )18.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.

　　A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us

　　( )19.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.

　　A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump

　　( )20.The school bag ___ behind the chair.

　　A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put

　　( )21.Older people ____ well.

　　A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after

　　( )22.Our teacher ______ carefully.

　　A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened

　　二、把下列句子改写成被动语态

　　1.They make machines in that factory. __________________________________

　　2.Every body likes this song. __________________________________

　　3.He doesn't show the stamps to me. __________________________________

　　4.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan._____________________________

　　5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._______________________________

　　6.Do the workers build many buildings? __________________________________

　　7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? __________________________________

　　8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? __________________________________

　　9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?_________________________

　　10.How many desks do they buy every term?__________________________________

　　11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week.____________________

　　12.Granny told us a story last night. __________________________________

　　13.He didn't give the dictionary to me yesterday.__________________________

　　14.He didn't buy anything there before he left.____________________________

　　15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?__________________________________

　　16.When did she cook supper yesterday? __________________________________

　　17.Where did she make them? __________________________________

　　18.Whose ruler did you borrow? __________________________________

　　19.We must tie the young tree to the stick.________________________________

　　20.They can't mend the bike in that shop.__________________________________

　　21.You should take good care of her baby.__________________________________

　　22.You may take it back home. __________________________________

　　23.May I look after the baby at home? __________________________________

　　24.Must we hand in our exercise-books now?_________________________________

　　25.Can you mend this radio here? __________________________________

　　被 动 语 态 练 习 2

　　一、 将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。

　　1. We can finish the work in two days.

　　The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.

　　2. They produce silk in Suzhou.

　　Silk ____ ______ in Suzhou.

　　3. The children will sing an English song.

　　An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.

　　4. You needn't do it now.

　　It ____ _____ _____ by you now.

　　5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.

　　A New Year Card ____ ____ ____ her by me last week.

　　6. Peole use metal for making machines.

　　Metal ____ ____ for making machines.

　　7. He made me do that for him.

　　I ____ ____ ____ that for him.

　　8.I have given this book to the library.

　　This book ___ ____ ____ to the library.

　　9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?

　　____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago?

　　10.We'll put on an English play in our school.

　　An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school.

　　11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets.

　　Colour TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers.

　　12.My brother often mends his watch.

　　His watch ____ ____ ____ by my brother.

　　13.We must water the flowers every day.

　　The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day.

　　14.They use knives for cutting things.

　　Knives ___ ___ for cutting things.

　　15.He made the farmers work for a long time.

　　The farmers ____ ____ ____ ____ for a long time.

　　16.Did he break the window yesterday?

　　____ the window ___ ____ ___ yesterday?

　　17.They have sold out the light green dresses.

　　The light green dresses ____ _____ ____ out.

　　18.We clean the classroom every day.

　　The classroom ____ ____ every day.

　　19. You must not plant trees in very dry earth.

　　Trees ___ ____ _____ _____ in very dry earth.

　　20.You can dig a hole in the earth.

　　A Hole ____ ____ _____ in the earth.

　　二、 用动词的正确语态填空。

　　1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.

　　2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month.

　　3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.

　　4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.

　　5. What _______ a knife ______ (make) of?

　　It _______________(make) of metal and wood.

　　6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.

　　7. ______ the magazine ____(can take) out of the library?

　　8. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.

　　9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime.

　　10. Some flowers __________(water) by Li Ming already.

　　11. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan.

　　12. Apples _________ ________(grow) in this farm.

　　13. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.

　　14. Planes,cars and trains _____ _____ (use) by business people for travelling.

　　15. The cinema ______ _____ (bulid) in 1985.

　　16. The bike ___ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here.

　　17. A beautiful horse ____ ____ ___ (draw) by John next day.

　　18. This kind of machine ______ _____(can made) by uncle Wang.

　　19. Mr. Green ___ ___ (open) two new school.

　　20. The PLA ______ ______ (found) on August 1st,1927.

　　21. By the time he was ten, the boy ________(learn)English and French.

　　22. How long _____ your uncle ____(be) in the city?

　　23. ______ you ____(see) the film yet?

　　Yes, I _______(see) it last week.

　　24. Uncle Wang ____________(live) here since 1980

　　25. Listen! Someone _________(sing).

　　26. Tom ________(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.

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